Maxillary Sinus Grafting and Osseointegration Surgery

The sinus floor elevation is a well-known method in implant dentistry. External and internal as well as one-stage and two-stage procedures are established. At this time, due to the heterogeneous variety of research data, no bone graft material can be declared generally as superior in the sinus. Complications after sinus lift are rare; the most common complication during sinus elevation is the perforation of the mucosa. The consequences of the membrane perforation are evaluated differently in literature. With the endoscope-assisted sinus floor elevation, it should be possible to identify and locate commonly hidden perforations more frequently. Further clinical studies must show whether the perforation incidence can be significantly reduced under endoscopic control and whether the long-term implant success rate may be increased after endoscopic sinus floor elevation.