The effect of cytokines on the migration of fibroblasts derived from different regions of the canine shoulder capsule

This study examined the effect of several cytokines on the chemotactic migration of fibroblasts derived from 3 different parts of the canine shoulder: the upper part of the medial glenohumeral ligament (equivalent to the anterior part of the inferior glenohumeral ligament of the human shoulder); the inferior part of the medial glenohumeral ligament (equivalent to the axillary pouch of the human shoulder); and the posterior capsule (equivalent to the thin posterior capsule in the human shoulder). Platelet-derived growth facfor-AB stimulated the migration of all 3 cell types in a dose-dependent manner, with increases from 150% to 300% at 1 ng/mL to 500% to 700% at 70 ng/mL Hepatocyte growth factor also stimulated the migration of all 3 cell types in a dose-dependent manner (130% to 310%). Insulinlike growth factor-1 increased the migration of all 3 types of fibroblasts by 160% to 250%. Bone morphogenic protein-2, interleukin-1, and transforming growth factor-β had no significant effect on migration of shoulder capsular fibroblasts. These data demonstrate that capsular fibroblasts are responsive to specific growth factors and suggest the potential for use of growth factors to augment healing and/or remodeling of the shoulder capsule.