Measurement of circulating viral antigens post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multicohort study

Zoe Swank, Ella Borberg, Yulu Chen, Yasmeen Senussi, Sujata Chalise, Zachary Manickas-Hill, Xu G. Yu, Jonathan Z. Li, Galit Alter, Timothy J. Henrich, J. Daniel Kelly, Rebecca Hoh, Sarah A. Goldberg, Steven G. Deeks, Jeffrey N. Martin, Michael J. Peluso, Aarthi Talla, Xiaojun Li, Peter Skene, Thomas F. BumolTroy R. Torgerson, Julie L. Czartoski, M. Juliana McElrath, Elizabeth W. Karlson, David R. Walt, Rachael Abraham, Arijan Ager, Franchesca A. Aguilar, Ghazal Ahmadi-Izad, Dilshad R. Ahmed, Alicarmen Alvarez, Blake Anderson, Walter D. Asencios, Mary Atha, Casey L. Beaty, Brahmchetna Bedi, Jasmine A. Berry, Donchel Boone, Mary Bower, James D. Bremner, Corbin Brent, Ke'Ara A. Brown-Smith, Rachel Bull, Patricia A. Bush, Gustavo Capo, Kelechi Carl-Igwe, Calista Chitadze, Nachi Chukwumerije, Erna Clyburn, Shelby Collins, Julie Costello, Grace Couture, Angel Craft, Sushma K. Cribbs, Xiangqin Cui, Annette Dandy, Carlos del Rio, Rijalda Jasarevic, Joshua F. Detelich, Cartia Dixon, Jeanne Dow, D'Andrea A. Doyle, Jannah Elchommali, Carmel Ibeawuchi, Imani Elsey, Rebecca Fineman, Anyssa G. Francis, Nicole Franks, Julia Gallini, Jennifer C. Gander, Natalie Gray, Ash Grimes, Evan Gutter, Jenny E. Han, Tina P. Hang, Jess Harding, Liliana Hernandez, Lauren N. Hewitt, Carla Holloway, Alex F. Hudgins, Christopher Huerta, Cynthia Ifejika, Ketteria D. Ingram, Vidhi N. Javia, Mykayla Jeter, Brandi Johnson, Yasha Joseph, Monica Juarez, Dana Kajan, Lana Khalil, Caitlin M. Kirkpatrick, Dean Kleinhenz, Imanii Kolailat, Athena Koumanelis, Alexandra Koumanelis, Rebecca Kozoman, Shilpa Krishnan, Jordi Lainez, Brianna Lawrence, Matthew A. Lee, Jose D. Leon, Valerie Lew, Kennedy C. Lewis, Matthew Litvack, Mara Maroney, Cheryl L. Maier, Nour Makkaoui, Vincent C. Marconi, Christopher F. Martin, Monica Martinez, Loice Mbogo, Atuarra McCaslin, Jerrod McIntyre, Abeer Moanna, Miranda Montoya, Elena Morales, Caitlin A. Moran, Jan Morgan-Billingslea, Calista Murray, Roslin Nelson, Robert B. Neuman, Tran Nguyen, Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Elizabeth I. Ojemakinde, Bukkie Ojoawo, Eileen Osinski, Sofia Oviedo, Bernadine Panganiban, Yolanda Paredes-Gaitan, Rachel E. Patzer, Priscilla Pemu, Michael Prude, Kazi Rahman, Grace Ramakrishnan, Paulina A. Rebolledo, Marjorie Roberts, Keysha Robinson, Chantrice Rogers, Nadine G. Rouphael, Charles Searles, Anand Shah, Marni Segall, Renata M. Shaw, Ruvina Silva, Cheryl Simpson, Krystal Simpson-Derrell, Talib Sirajud-Deen, Veronica E. Smith, Andre Stringer, Jacob Stroud, Mehul S. Suthar, Cory Sylber, Ashley Sylvera, Tehquin Tanner, Larissa J. Teunis, Maliya Tolbert, Kodasha M. Thomas, Sierra G. Thompson, Kehmia Titanji, Christopher Toy, Jessica Traenkner, Alex Truong, Kristen Unterberger, Viola Vaccarino, Kris Varney, Kartavya Vyas, Kurt Vyas, Tiffany A. Walker, Max Walkow, Dongli Wang, Tamara Wesley, Zanthia Wiley, Erika Wimberly, Juton R. Winston, Terra J. Winter, Cherry Wongtrakool, Masanori Aikawa, George A. Alba, Taing N. Aung, Lindsey Baden, Gaston Baslet, Ingrid V. Bassett, Lindsey Bennett, Shamik Bhattacharyya, Deborah Blazey-Martin, Julie Buring, Rebecca E. Cagnina, Li Qing Chen, Cheryl R. Clark, Pieter Cohen, Ai Ris Collier, Charles Czeisler, Elizabeth Duffy, Peter Estill, Tamara Fong, Elizabeth Gay, Maher Ghamloush, Leo C. Ginns, Monika Haack, Jennifer Haas, Naomi Hamburg, Kristine S. Hauser, Janice John, Michael Jordan, Boris D. Juelg, Diane G. Kanjilal, Arthur Y. Kim, Elizabeth B. Klerman, Misaki Kobayashi, Laura Kogelman, Daniela Lamas, Bruce D. Levy, Nomi Levy-Carrick, Gregory Lewis, Jason H. Maley, Jo Ann Manson, Jai G. Marathe, Janet M. Mullington, George T. O'Connor, Bisola Ojikutu, Roy Perlis, Yuri Quintana, Susan Redline, Elijah J. Remis, Jonathan Rosand, Howard D. Sesso, Lynn Shaughnessy, Fitzgerald M. Shepherd, Scott Solomon, Jeffrey A. Sparks, Lia L. Spencer, Kathryn Stephenson, David Systrom, Robert J. Thomas, Phyo Phyo Min Thu, Amberly Ticotsky, Robert Torres, Zachary S. Wallace, David Walt, Honorine D. Ward, George Washko, Maureen Whittelsey, Rebecca Wiener, Charles T. Williams, Dean Xerras, Haihua Zhang, Danielle Zionts, Donna Armstrong, Susan E. Binkley, Kenneth Blackwell, Todd Brown, Thomas W. Carton, Annalia Causey, Felice Cook, Casey L. Daniel, Paula Datri, Julio Domingo, Conner Donahue, Maitlyn Eady, Jeffrey Edberg, Nathaniel Erdmann, Jyotsna Fuloria, Noah Garcia-McClaney, Melissa Garner, Mark Gillespie, Brandon Gray, Michael Hagensee, Wanda Hall, Jamie Hansel, Cady Hart, Camden L. Hebson, Bertha Hidalgo, Kaylen Holtzapfel, Alexis Jinright, Suzanne E. Judd, Teri Kennedy, Leigh Kirkwood, Cathryn Leggio, Emily B. Levitan, Megan Maier, Patricia McCormack, Lucio Miele, Kevin Mitchell, Aoyjai Montgomery, Myriam Peralta-Carcelen, Allen Perkins, Juan P. Pilco, Leigh Powell, Rachael Shevin, Sidney Skipworth, Leah Spurgeon, Erica Sutherland, Alan T. Tita, Amber Trauth, Siobhan Trotter, Alexander Van Deerlin, Gregory Ware, Sharon Weiser, Rosanne Wilson, Dana Woodruff, Jing Wu, Madeline Young, Mhret Alemu, Jordan Anderson, Hassan Ashktorab, Hassan Brim, Linda Chang, Mahak Chauhan, Sung Cho, Saima Durrani, Monique P. Gentil, Karli Goodman, Adeyinka O. Laiyemo, Gandi Lanke, Ralph Lebron, Anurag Maheshwari, Alem Mehari, Ali Nezamloo, Julius Ngwa, Noelle Njoku, Jina Ok, Zaki A. Sherif, Akbar Solemani, Paul Thuluvath, Chau To, Leslie A. Spikes, Judith A. James, Carlos A. Luciano Roman, Dominic C. Chow, Gailen D. Marshall, John D. Dickinson, Susan E. Hoover, David E. Warren, Ivette F. Emery, Fatima I. Sukhera, Clifford J. Rosen, Frank L. Greenway, Sally L. Hodder, Cecilia M. Shikuma, Timothy M. VanWagoner, James M. Bardes, John P. Kirwan, Jeremy P. Wood, Sidney W. Whiteheart, Judd Shellito, Theresa Roelke, Lora Black, Brian Tjarks, Vivian Fonseca, Shaveeta Gupta, Michele Longo, Mei Yang, Louis MarGangcuangco, Charles Bengtson, Mario Castro, Theresa Howard, Beth Garvy, Christopher Simmons, Vishnu Garla, Joy Kuebler, Utsav Nandi, Andrew Vasey, Amanda Bogie, James Scott, Sigrid Perez Frontera, Jorge Santana Bagur, Daphne Dominique-Villanueva, Joy Juskowich, Rebecca Reece, Arif Sarwari, Lisa Aponte-Soto, Dara Adams, Aileen Baker, Sunni Barbera, Sanjib Basu, Susan Bleasdale, Dawn Bolliger, Andrew D. Boyd, Jerusha Boyineni, Taylor Breiter, Daniel Brown, Irina A. Buhimschi, Michael D. Carrithers, Marta Certa, Rashmika Chalamalla, Praneeth Chebrolu, David Chestek, Erica Chessier, Judith A. Cook, Savannah Cranford, Hannah L. Curry, Dawood Darbar, Raktima Dasgupta, Felicia Davis Blakley, Julie A. DeLisa, Marina Del Rios, Maya Z. Diaz, Kathleen R. Diviak, Jennifer Dixon, Meghan F. Donlon, Sarah E. Donohue, Mark S. Dworkin, Sherrie Edmonds, Angela Ellison, Emily Everett, Clarie Flanigan, Michael B. Freedman, Lisa Gale, Lynn B. Gerald, Wayne H. Giles, Howard S. Gordon, John Hafner, Bayan Hammad, Keith A. Hanson, Pastor C. Harris, Kimberly Hartwig, Sharon Hasek, Wendy Hasse, Monica Hendrickson, Brianna Hobbs, Martyna Hryniewicka, Savannah Hammerl, Robert Hutton, Alejandra L. Ibanez, Sai D. Illendula, Nahed Ismail, Akash Jain, Kyle J. Jennette, Grace Kadubek, Denise Kent, Pavitra Kotini-Shah, Sara W. Kelly, Denise A. Kent, Keri S. Kim, Elijah Kindred, Jonathan D. Klein, Jerry A. Krishnan, Lucia Large, James Lash, Janet Y. Lin, Jun Lu, Abeer M. Mahamed, Phoebe Maholovich, Sergey Malchenko, Miriam Martinez, Cammeo Mauntel-Medici, Abhigna Madineni, Mark McCauley, Martha Menchaca, Robin Mermelstein, David J. Moreno, Liam Morrissy, Naoko Muramatsu, Hugh Musick, Seth Noland, Lourdes Norwick, Richard M. Novak, Lela Olds, Marilyn Ortiz, Khushboo Patel, Nicolas L. Perez, Neil H. Pliskin, Sam Pope, Bellur S. Prabhakar, Bharati Prasad, Barbara Predki, Heather M. Prendergast, John G. Quigley, Ramaswamy Ramchandran, Ana Ramirez, Sarah Rappe, Jalees Rehman, Cesar Rolon, Matthew Rowley, Gowrisree Rudraraju, Melissa Rutherfoord, Samer B. Sader, Jennifer A. Sculley, Jerisha Smith-Mack, Peyton Swearingen, Sarah A. Stewart de Ramirez, Praveen Sudhindra, Jun Sun, Nancy Tartt, Tracy Terlinde, Tiffany Thompson, Terry L. Vanden Hoek, Sara Warfield Kelly, Laura Villanueva, Hannah Welter, Brittany Woolley, Cemal Yazici, Alexander W. Charney, Patricia Kovatch, Miriam Merad, Girish N. Nadkarni, Juan P. Wisnivesky, Judith A. Aberg, Steven Ascolillo, Esther Assenso, Emilia Bagiella, Logan Bartram, Jacqueline Becker, Noam D. Beckmann, Ashley Bendl, Benjamin K. Chen, Alyssa Civil, Kaberi Dhar, Lorraine Evo-Ortega, Daniel Fierer, Emily J. Gallagher, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Sacha Gnjatic, Sabina Guliyeva, Lori Harvey-Ingram, Julia Herrera-Moreno, Matthew Hill, Carol R. Horowitz, Rachel Jackson, Din Kastrat, Anu Lala-Trindade, Jenny Lin, Nick Macaluso, Kathryn Marcon, Dara Meyer, Janice Morinigo, Benjamin H. Natelson, Maya Nussenzweig, Tiffani Padua, David Putrino, Nawreen Quazi, Michelle Ramos, Lynne Richardson, Scott Russo, Alan C. Seifert, Abdullah Serri, Jordan Walker, Michell Yee, Natalie L. Adolphi, Natalya Alekhina, David A. Archuleta, Jackson Barlocker, Lucinda Bateman, Steven B. Bradfute, Rebecca Brito, Tanner W. Bryan, Kaitlin E. Buck, Debra Davis, Sara J. Deakyne Davies, Lauren A. Decker, Jamie Elifritz, Kristine M. Erlandson, Julio C. Facelli, Harrison Z. Fudge, Huong Tran, Chloe Pitch, Elen M. Feuerriegel, Isaac Ford, Naomi P. Friedman, Noella D. Garcia-Soberanez, Edward M. Gardner, Caitlyn Stringham, Leah Ling, Tewodros H. Gebremariam, Frederick D. Gentry, Ramkiran Gouripeddi, Paige Graham, Eve G. Gronert, Michelle S. Harkins, Kellie L. Hawkins, Rachel Hess, Jace D. Johnny, Brandon M. Johnson, Sarah E. Jolley, Jennifer Lloyd, Katelyn R. Ludwig, Noah I. Martinez, Sean A. McCandless, Lorenzo A. Montoya, Judy L. Oakes, Alisha N. Parada, Davin K. Quinn, Hengameh Raissy, Alfredo Ramos, Kayleigh M. Reid, Jane E. Reusch, Elyce B. Sheehan, Ron J. Sokol, Irena S. Treacher, Joel D. Trinity, Dongngan T. Truong, Shelby C. West, Joie Molden, Nasser Sharareh, Lisa J. Weaver, Adam M. Spivak, Jeanette P. Brown, Kevin S. Shah, Laura A. Pace, Mary Beth Scholand, Matt Velinder, Melissa Cortez, Sarah Shizuko Morimoto, Suzanne D. Vernon, Yue Lu, Megan Owen, Jessica A. Hermansen, Ashton M. Lindsay, Dagny K. Donohue, Lohit Garg, Thomas Wodushek, Janine Higgins, Tim Lockie, Marisa Brightman, Brook Thurman, Jenny M. Powell, Dylan C. Freston, Juliemar C. Medina, Bailee Aguirre, Jeff Anderson, Tami Bair, Lindsay Bosh, Lorlie Evans, Chase Garrett, Dixie Harris, Katherine Herrera, Benjamin D. Horne, James Juan, Stacey Knight, Kirk Knowlton, Lindsay Leither, Heather Maestas, Heidi T. May, Gabriel Najarian, Scott C. Woller, Shyanne Zubal, McKenna M. Jensen, Tiaura Webb, Leslie Iverson, Mirna Ayache, Alexis Baloi, Emma Barnboym, Nicholas Boldt, Hulya Bukulmez, Hailey Chesnick, Ann Conrad, Mary Consolo, Lynette Curtis, Brian D'anza, Kathryn DiFrancesco, Marissa Edminston, Ebenezer Eteshola, Michelle Gallagher, Kelly S. Gibson, Larraine Gordesky, Carla Greenwood, Maricela Haghiac, Paul Harris, Carla Hernandez, Shirin Iqbal, David C. Kaelber, Elizabeth S. Kaufman, Olivia Kennedy, Danielle Labbato, Ketrin Lengu, Antonio Levert, Jennifer Levin, Rebecca Lowenthal, Bridget Mackin, Shahdi K. Malakooti, Grace A. McComsey, Judy Minium, Christian Mouchati, Christine Oleson, Ann Pearman, Morgan Hershey, Amanda Rivera, Michael Rodgers, Theresa Rodgers, Arnab Roy, Kris Russ, Sarah Scott, Niyati Sheth, Nora G. Singer, Beth Smith, Cheryl Smith, Terry Stancin, Daniel Temple, Megan Tribout, Elisheva Weinberger, David Zhang, Sokratis N. Zisis, Ornina Atieh, George Yendewa, Jhony Baissary, KImberly I. Pettinato, Joaquin Lim, Joshua Jacob, Cara Adams, Viral Tejani, Heather A. Algren, Radica Alicic, Joni Baxter, Conor Brennan, Antonina Caudill, Peter Chen, Tananshi Chopra, Helen Y. Chu, James Del Alcazar, Alexandria M. Duven, Rick Edmark, Sarah Emerson, Jason D. Goldman, Vanessa Gutierrez, Jennifer Hadlock, Alex Harteloo, James R. Heath, Susan Hood, Susan Jackman, John Kaneko, Megan Kemp, Christina Kim, Kelli Kuykendall, Sarah Li, Jennifer K. Logue, Andrew T. Magis, Paula Manner, Carly Mason, Kathryn McCaffrey, Connor McDonald, Dylan McDonald, Kim M. Murray, Callista Nackviseth, Helen Nguyen, Tanyalak Parimon, Rachel Poussier, Lee Rowen, Richard Satira, Sam Torbati, Katherine R. Tuttle, Julie A. Wallick, Dan Yuan, Kino Watanabe, Lauren E. Wilcox, Fatima Contreras, Lea Dahlke, Lasya Gudipudi, Matthew Modes, Nicole Muttera, Nancy Salinas, Josie Tadeo, Shane White, Stephanie Alvarado, Reed Anderson, Azaneth Arellanes, Rose A. Barajas, Suneet P. Chauhan, Geoffrey D. Clarke, Cheryl E. Farner, Melinda S. Fischer, Mark P. Goldberg, Keren Hasbani, Gabrielyd Hastings, Patricia Heard, Italia Herrera, Edgar Infante, Hillary Johnson, Johnnie Jones, Dean L. Kellogg, Ellen Kraig, Lisa Longoria, Anoop M. Nambiar, Emeka Okafor, Claudia C. Paredes, Thomas F. Patterson, Jan E. Patterson, Alexis Pinones, Jennifer S. Potter, W. B. Reeves, George R. Saade, Marzieh Salehi, Irma Scholler, Sudha Seshadri, Dimpy P. Shah, Pankil Shah, Kumar Sharma, Kavita Sharma, Bridgette Soileau, Pamela Solis, Carmen Stoebner, Michael Sullivan, Barbara S. Taylor, Robin Tragus, Joel Tsevat, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, Neera Ahuja, Catherine A. Blish, Andra L. Blomkalns, Hector Bonilla, Richard Brotherton, Kimberly Clinton, Vaidehi Dingankar, Linda N. Geng, Minjoung Go, Francois Haddad, Prasanna Jagannathan, Christopher Jamero, Kathryn Jee, Xiaolin K. Jia, Naresh Khurana, Andre Kumar, Yvonne Maldonado, Mitchell G. Miglis, Ellen O'Conor, Kelly Olszewski, Divya Pathak, Orlando Quintero, Jake Scott, Upinder Singh, Alfredo E. Urdaneta, Paul J. Utz, Mary R. Varkey, Corey Saperia, Lynn Autry, Christian Bime, Sabine Borwege, Jacquelynn Copeland, Marjorie DiLise-Russo, Kacey C. Ernst, Denise R. Esquivel, Susan Fadden, Isaias Gomez, Garrett Grischo, Lillian Hansen, David T. Harris, Stefanie Harris, William Hartley, Michael Hernandez, Leah Hillier, Harvey Hsu, Trina Hughes, Hira Ismail, Stephanie Iusim, Michelle James, Mrinalini Kala, Maria Karnafel, Daniel Kim, Kenneth S. Knox, Alison Koleski, Bonnie LaFleur, Brenda Lambert, Sicily LaRue, Joyce K. Lee-Iannotti, David Lieberman, Karen Lutrick, Nirav Merchant, Christopher Morton, Jarrod M. Mosier, Ganesh Murthy, Janko Z. Nikolich, Toluwanimi Olorunnisola, Sairam Parthasarathy, Jeanette Peralta, William Pilling, Kristen Pogreba-Brown, Eric M. Reiman, Franz P. Rischard, Lee T. Ryan, Terry Smith, Manuel Snyder, Francisco Soto, Vignesh Subbian, Kyle Suhr, Samuel Unzek, Sheila Vadovicky, Deanna Velarde, Sharry Veres, Cathleen Wilson, Grace Anderson, Khamal Anglin, Urania Argueta, Kofi Asare, Melissa Buitrago, Celina Chang Song, Alexus Clark, Emily Conway, Nicole Del Castillo, Monika Deswal, Matthew S. Durstenfeld, Elnaz Eilkhani, Avery Eun, Emily Fehrman, Tony Figueroa, Diana Flores, Halle Grebe, Priscilla Hsue, Beatrice Huang, Rania Ibrahim, John D. Kelly, Marian Kerbleski, Raushun Kirtikar, Megan T. Lew, James Lombardo, Monica Lopez, Michael Luna, Carina Marquez, Sadie Munter, Lynn Ngo, Jesus Pineda-Ramirez, Kim Rhoads, Antonio Rodriguez, Justin Romero, Dylan Ryder, Matthew So, Ma Somsouk, Viva Tai, Brandon Tran, Julian Uy, Daisy Valdivieso, Deepshika Verma, Meghann Williams, Andhy Zamora, Lisa T. Newman, Julie Abella, Quinn Barnette, Christine Bevc, Jennifer Beverly, Patricia Ceger, Julie Croxford, Mike Enger, Katie Fain, Tonya Farris, Sean Hanlon, David Hines, Vicki Johnson-Lawrence, Kevin Jordan, Craig Lefebvre, Beth Linas, Bryan Luukinen, Meisha Mandal, Nikki J. McKoy, Susan Nance, Demian Pasquarelli, Claire Quiner, Rita Sembajwe, Gwendolyn Shaw, Vanessa Thornburg, Kendall Tosco, Hannah Wright, Rachel S. Gross, Judith S. Hochman, Leora I. Horwitz, Stuart D. Katz, Andrea B. Troxel, Lenard Adler, Precious Akinbo, Ramona Almenana, Malate Aschalew, Lara Balick, Ola Bello, Sultana Bhuiyan, Nina Blachman, Ryan Branski, Jasmine Briscoe, Shari Brosnahan, Elliott Bueler, Yvette Burgos, Nina Caplin, Domonique Chaplin, Yu Chen, Shen Cheng, Peter Choe, Jess Choi, Alicia Chung, Richard Church, Stanley Cobos, Nakia Croft, Angelique Cruz Irving, Phoebe Del Boccio, Iván Díaz, Jasmin Divers, Vishal Doshi, Benard Dreyer, Samantha Ebel, Shari Esquenazi-Karonika, Arline Faustin, Elias Febres, Jeffrey Fine, Sandra Fink, Catherine Freeland, Jennifer Frontera, Richard Gallagher, Alejandra Gonzalez-Duarte, Rachel Gross, Denise Hasson, Sophia Hill, Judith Hochman, Leora Horwitz, Jennifer Hossain, Shahidul Islam, Christina Saint Jean, Stephen Johnson, Neha Kansal, Stuart Katz, Rachel Kenney, Tammy Kershner, Deepshikha Kewlani, Judy Kwak, Michelle F. Lamendola-Essel, Sarah Laury, Gregory Laynor, Lei Lei, Terry Leon, Janelle Linton, Max Logan, Nadia Malik, Lia Mamistvalova, Hannah Mandel, Gabrielle Maranga, Aprajita Mattoo, Tony Mei, Alan Mendelsohn, Emmanuelle Mercier, Patricio Millar Vernetti, Marc Miller, Maika Mitchell, Andre Moreira, Praveen C. Mudumbi, Erica Nahin, Nandini Nair, Joseph Nekulak, Kellie Owens, Brendan Parent, Nandan Patibandla, Peter Petrov, Radu Postelnicu, Francesca Pratt, Isabelle Randall, Priyatha Rao, Amy Rapkiewicz, John Ross Rizzo, Johana Rosas, Chelsea Rose, Christina Saint-Jean, Michelle Santacatterina, Binita Shah, Aasma Shaukat, Naomi Simon, Aylin Simsir, Miranda Stinson, Wenfei Tang, Vasishta Tatapudi, Sujata Thawani, Mary Thomas, Lorna Thorpe, Mee Lee Tom, Ethan Treiha, Andrea Troxel, Jennifer Truong, Mmekom Udosen, Carlos Valencia, Jessica Velazquez-Perez, Patricio M. Vernetti, Crystal Vidal, Anand Viswanathan, Amy Willerford, Natasha Williams, Crystal Wong, Marion J. Wood, Shannon Wuller, Shonna H. Yin, Chloe Young, Jonah Zaretsky, Susanna Zavlunova, Shreya Ahirwar, Shifa Ahmed, Layne L. Ainsworth, Rachel Atchley-Challenner, Paul Avilach, Trisha T. Balan, Nicholas Benik, Barbara Benoit, Marie Abèle C. Bind, William J. Bonaventura, Natalie Boutin, Beverly Brion, Andrew Cagan, Tianrun Cai, Tingyi Cao, Victor M. Castro, Xander R. Cerretani, James G. Chan, David Cheng, Lori B. Chibnik, Mark Ciriello, Karen Costenbader, Dimitar S. Dimitrov, Hossein Estiri, Maria Fayad, Candace H. Feldman, Andrea Foulkes, Vivian Gainer, Bhaswati Ghosh, Randy Gollub, Zoe Guan, Alan Harris, Karl Helmer, Andrew Hendrix, Ana Holzbach, Weixing Huang, Daniel Kaufman, Diane Keogh, James D. Kerr, Jeffrey G. Klann, Aparna Krishnamoorthy, Jessica A. Lasky-Su, Katherine P. Liao, Doug MacFadden, Anupama Maram, Megan W. Martel, Michael Mendis, Reeta Metta, Jonathan Monteiro, Eduardo Morales, Richard E. Morse, Shawn Murphy, Marc Danie Nazaire, Gregory Neils, Amber N. Nguyen, James Norman, Henry H. Paik, Deepti Pant, Hee Kyong Park, Dustin J. Rabideau, Harrison T. Reeder, Kathleen Rossi-Roh, Leah M. Santacroce, Katherine Schlepphorst, Carolin Schulte, Caitlin A. Selvaggi, Daniel J. Shinnick, William Simons, Lynn A. Simpson, Mary L. St. Jean Flanders, Zachary Strasser, Mansi R. Thakrar, Tanayott Thaweethai, Madeleine Thorn, Philip Trewett, Dustin Van Fleet, Kavishwar B. Wagholikar, Taowei D. Wang, Nich Wattanasin, Griffin Weber, Michael A. Williams, Ren Zhe Zhang, Mine Cicek, Nancy Chang, Samantha Wirkus, Nicole Zahnle, Thomas J. Flotte, Erika Frisch, Erik M. Boysen, Gary Welch, Teresa Akintonwa, Frank Blancero, Heather Elizabeth Brown, Megan Carmilani, Marta Cerda, Victor H. Clash, Debra Copeland, Yvonka Hall, kondo kevin kondo, Lydia Lerma, Jacqui Lindsay, Heather Marti, Christine Maughan, Tony Minor, Brittany Taylor, Hyatt Vincent, Mike Zissis, Brett Anderson, Sujata Bardhan, Leah Castro-Baucom, Deena Chisolm, Claudia Corchado, April Joy Damian, Casey Daniel, Soham DasGupta, Walter Dehority, Candace Feldman, Josh Fessel, Lisa Goldman Rosas, Carol Horowitz, Dhruv Khullar, Keila Lopez, Shelly McDonald Pinkett, Larissa Myaskovsky, Lidia Regino, Gelise St John Thomas, Sarah Stewart de Ramirez, Nita Vangeepuram, Anita Walden, Neely Williams, Shonna Yin, Phoebe Burton, Marina Catallozzi, Cheryl Clark, Beth Dworetzky, Belinda Edwards, Robert L. Ferrer, Suzanne Judd, Russell Rothman, Laura Wagner, Ann Wallace, Sonseeahray (Ray) Adams, Leyna Aragon, Bryan Bander, Karyn Bishof, Gail Brooks, Etienne Carignan, Krista Coombs, Hannah Davis, Felicia D. Blakley, Marissa Diggs, Heather E. Brown, Umar Favors, Whitney Fields, Liza Fisher, Megan Fitzgerald, Alicia Gaffney, Margot Gage Witvliet, Roberto Garcia, Tyler Gustafson, Nick Guthe, Verna Holmes, Mady Hornig, Maxwell Hornig, Wendy Jefferson, Nancy Kochis, Kevin Kondo, Julie Lam, Fadwa Lawrence, Rebecca Letts, Juan Lewis, Silcia Lopez, Thomas Martinez, Lisa McCorkell, Rebecca McGrath, Thomas T. Minor, Charita Moore, Kian Nguyen, Lauren Nichols, Lisa O'Brien, Holly Olson, Aimee Peddie, Alice Perlowski, Elizabeth P. Lorenzo, Lisa Prentiss, Nadia Raytselis, Nitza Rochez, Megan Rockwell, Jacqueline Rutter, Elle Seibert, Anisha Sekar, Chimere Smith, Lauren Stiles, Emily Taylor, Julie Thompson, Stephen Trapp, Stephen Valdiva, Rochelle Wilensky, Melissa Williams, Kay W. Dawson, Andrew Wylam

Producción científicarevisión exhaustiva

1 Cita (Scopus)

Resumen

Objectives: To determine the proportion of individuals with detectable antigen in plasma or serum after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the association of antigen detection with postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) symptoms. Methods: Plasma and serum samples were collected from adults participating in four independent studies at different time points, ranging from several days up to 14 months post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary outcome measure was to quantify SARS-CoV-2 antigens, including the S1 subunit of spike, full-length spike, and nucleocapsid, in participant samples. The presence of 34 commonly reported PASC symptoms during the postacute period was determined from participant surveys or chart reviews of electronic health records. Results: Of the 1569 samples analysed from 706 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, 21% (95% CI, 18–24%) were positive for either S1, spike, or nucleocapsid. Spike was predominantly detected, and the highest proportion of samples was spike positive (20%; 95% CI, 18–22%) between 4 and 7 months postinfection. In total, 578 participants (82%) reported at least one of the 34 PASC symptoms included in our analysis ≥1 month postinfection. Cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and neurologic symptoms had the highest reported prevalence in over half of all participants, and among those participants, 43% (95% CI, 40–45%) on average were antigen-positive. Among the participants who reported no ongoing symptoms (128, 18%), antigen was detected in 28 participants (21%). The presence of antigen was associated with the presence of one or more PASC symptoms, adjusting for sex, age, time postinfection, and cohort (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4–2.2). Discussion: The findings of this multicohort study indicate that SARS-CoV-2 antigens can be detected in the blood of a substantial proportion of individuals up to 14 months after infection. While approximately one in five asymptomatic individuals was antigen-positive, roughly half of all individuals reporting ongoing cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and neurologic symptoms were antigen-positive.

Idioma originalEnglish
PublicaciónClinical Microbiology and Infection
DOI
EstadoAccepted/In press - 2024

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

  • Microbiology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases

Huella

Profundice en los temas de investigación de 'Measurement of circulating viral antigens post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multicohort study'. En conjunto forman una huella única.

Citar esto